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Aikido
Introduction
I'll start with a few examples:
1- lever
In Aikido there are no levers: when you apply a force to something or somebody (say uke) you have to take into account the overall reaction (a force from the earth passing through uke), so the result is a combination of two forces and an axis (it's called a tensor) whose effect is a rotation.
(To clarify things look at the way we walk: our foot pushes the earth (exerts a force downwards and a little backwards upon the earth) and the earth reacts with an opposite force through our foot, so our foot goes high and forward).
2- work
A force has two elements: intensity and direction, and can be represented by an arrow (usual name a vector); its effect in general is a displacement, which has similar elements, length and direction (still a vector). Work is defined as the product of the force for the component of displacement in the same direction.
It's interesting to underline that in Aikido force and displacement are in general perpendicular, that means that work is null. So Aikido techniques are generally made without effort.
3-energy
This is a term that is often used in creative ways, sometimes meaning force, other times something in other dimensions. In order to avoid misunderstandings we use the simple mechanical definition, that is, the ability to perform work.
This is also interesting for Aikido, since when work is null we have used/created/wasted no energy; so in general Aikido moves don't waste energy.
In a simple move (say shomen-uchi ikkyo) uke tries to apply his force upon tori (a vertical strike), and tori redirects this force in a perpendicular direction (towards earth) generating a rotation; the energy of this rotation is the same that uke used trying to strike on tori.
These are some examples: please let me know your interest.
In the meanwhile I leave you with a somewhat technical reference:
Paolo Di Marco, 'Aikido and Physics, an exercise in relativity', Academia Letters, June 6, 2022, DOI:10.20935/AL478
1- lever
In Aikido there are no levers: when you apply a force to something or somebody (say uke) you have to take into account the overall reaction (a force from the earth passing through uke), so the result is a combination of two forces and an axis (it's called a tensor) whose effect is a rotation.
(To clarify things look at the way we walk: our foot pushes the earth (exerts a force downwards and a little backwards upon the earth) and the earth reacts with an opposite force through our foot, so our foot goes high and forward).
2- work
A force has two elements: intensity and direction, and can be represented by an arrow (usual name a vector); its effect in general is a displacement, which has similar elements, length and direction (still a vector). Work is defined as the product of the force for the component of displacement in the same direction.
It's interesting to underline that in Aikido force and displacement are in general perpendicular, that means that work is null. So Aikido techniques are generally made without effort.
3-energy
This is a term that is often used in creative ways, sometimes meaning force, other times something in other dimensions. In order to avoid misunderstandings we use the simple mechanical definition, that is, the ability to perform work.
This is also interesting for Aikido, since when work is null we have used/created/wasted no energy; so in general Aikido moves don't waste energy.
In a simple move (say shomen-uchi ikkyo) uke tries to apply his force upon tori (a vertical strike), and tori redirects this force in a perpendicular direction (towards earth) generating a rotation; the energy of this rotation is the same that uke used trying to strike on tori.
These are some examples: please let me know your interest.
In the meanwhile I leave you with a somewhat technical reference:
Paolo Di Marco, 'Aikido and Physics, an exercise in relativity', Academia Letters, June 6, 2022, DOI:10.20935/AL478
Categories: Aikido
Introduction
I'll start with a few examples:
1- lever
In Aikido there are no levers: when you apply a force to something or somebody (say uke) you have to take into account the overall reaction (a force from the earth passing through uke), so the result is a combination of two forces and an axis (it's called a tensor) whose effect is a rotation.
(To clarify things look at the way we walk: our foot pushes the earth (exerts a force downwards and a little backwards upon the earth) and the earth reacts with an opposite force through our foot, so our foot goes high and forward).
2- work
A force has two elements: intensity and direction, and can be represented by an arrow (usual name a vector); its effect in general is a displacement, which has similar elements, length and direction (still a vector). Work is defined as the product of the force for the component of displacement in the same direction.
It's interesting to underline that in Aikido force and displacement are in general perpendicular, that means that work is null. So Aikido techniques are generally made without effort.
3-energy
This is a term that is often used in creative ways, sometimes meaning force, other times something in other dimensions. In order to avoid misunderstandings we use the simple mechanical definition, that is, the ability to perform work.
This is also interesting for Aikido, since when work is null we have used/created/wasted no energy; so in general Aikido moves don't waste energy.
In a simple move (say shomen-uchi ikkyo) uke tries to apply his force upon tori (a vertical strike), and tori redirects this force in a perpendicular direction (towards earth) generating a rotation; the energy of this rotation is the same that uke used trying to strike on tori.
These are some examples: please let me know your interest.
In the meanwhile I leave you with a somewhat technical reference:
Paolo Di Marco, 'Aikido and Physics, an exercise in relativity', Academia Letters, June 6, 2022, DOI:10.20935/AL478
1- lever
In Aikido there are no levers: when you apply a force to something or somebody (say uke) you have to take into account the overall reaction (a force from the earth passing through uke), so the result is a combination of two forces and an axis (it's called a tensor) whose effect is a rotation.
(To clarify things look at the way we walk: our foot pushes the earth (exerts a force downwards and a little backwards upon the earth) and the earth reacts with an opposite force through our foot, so our foot goes high and forward).
2- work
A force has two elements: intensity and direction, and can be represented by an arrow (usual name a vector); its effect in general is a displacement, which has similar elements, length and direction (still a vector). Work is defined as the product of the force for the component of displacement in the same direction.
It's interesting to underline that in Aikido force and displacement are in general perpendicular, that means that work is null. So Aikido techniques are generally made without effort.
3-energy
This is a term that is often used in creative ways, sometimes meaning force, other times something in other dimensions. In order to avoid misunderstandings we use the simple mechanical definition, that is, the ability to perform work.
This is also interesting for Aikido, since when work is null we have used/created/wasted no energy; so in general Aikido moves don't waste energy.
In a simple move (say shomen-uchi ikkyo) uke tries to apply his force upon tori (a vertical strike), and tori redirects this force in a perpendicular direction (towards earth) generating a rotation; the energy of this rotation is the same that uke used trying to strike on tori.
These are some examples: please let me know your interest.
In the meanwhile I leave you with a somewhat technical reference:
Paolo Di Marco, 'Aikido and Physics, an exercise in relativity', Academia Letters, June 6, 2022, DOI:10.20935/AL478
Categories: Aikido
